Symptoms of the disease:
- Pain in the prostate. In some cases, the pain spreads to the lower back, groin, anus. Unilateral pain radiating to one of the testicles is not a symptom of the disease.
- Deterioration of libido.
- Premature or delayed ejaculation. The duration of intercourse may vary depending on the stage of development of the disease. In the initial stage, ejaculation occurs prematurely, in a more advanced form, the pathology manifests itself by increasing the duration of sexual intercourse.
- Deterioration of the emotional richness of orgasm.
- Loss of quality and quantity of sperm.
- Frequent urination at night. Pain when going to the toilet.
Description of the disease
The defeat of the prostate gland by pathogenic microorganisms is called prostatitis. The prostate gland is a male organ, so only male patients are susceptible to the development of pathology.
Inflammation in the tissues of the prostate gland can be expressed with different symptoms. To make the diagnosis, the doctor conducts a series of diagnostic measures. It is impossible to diagnose and treat prostatitis yourself. You should contact a qualified specialist.
According to statistics, prostatitis is the most common disease of the male reproductive system. Often the pathology is diagnosed in young men. The average age of patients diagnosed with prostatitis is 45 years.
Signs of disease development
Chronic prostatitis has a large number of symptoms. Signs of the development of the disease differ depending on the degree of its development. Symptoms can be unstable in the patient, be expressed or, conversely, hidden. Signs of disease development:
- Feeling of discomfort and pain for at least 90 days. A person experiences pain in the perineum. In some cases, the pain covers the groin, the lower back, the scrotum.
- Lack of erection. The patient has periodic sexual disorders. Complete impotence does not occur.
- premature ejaculation. In the initial stage of the disease, the patient has premature ejaculation. At a later stage of development, ejaculation is delayed. The level of emotions decreases when having an orgasm. Sperm becomes smaller, its characteristics deteriorate.
- Frequent urination. Patients often visit the toilet at night. When urinating, a person feels pain and burning. In some cases, with chronic prostatitis, patients experience urinary incontinence.
Stages of chronic prostatitis
The symptoms of the disease can vary depending on the stage of prostatitis. It is important for the specialist to determine the degree of development of the disease. It depends on the treatment method. There are several stages of chronic prostatitis:
- Exudative. Patients experience pain in the groin, scrotum. The time interval between visits to the toilet at night is reduced. Some patients experience discomfort during orgasm. Erections can be painful.
- an alternative. The pain becomes more intense. Their location is the inguinal area, the pubis. The pain during urination is absent, the time intervals between visits to the toilet are reduced. No erectile dysfunction.
- Proliferative. In a man with this stage of the disease, erection may be delayed. When visiting the toilet, the deterioration of the strength of the urine stream is visually determined.
- Cicatricial. There is a feeling of heaviness in the groin area. A person often visits the toilet during the day and at night. There is a worsening of the erection. In addition, ejaculation is weak or completely absent.
It should be borne in mind that the symptoms of each stage may not appear completely. In this regard, it is impossible to independently determine the stage of the disease. You should contact a qualified specialist. A number of diagnostic measures will be required to make a diagnosis.
Causes of development of chronic prostatitis
There are several causes of the disease. Prostatitis is a multifactorial disease. Causes of development of chronic prostatitis:
- Sexually Transmitted Infectious Diseases. There are sexually transmitted diseases that develop in a patient for a long time without symptoms. Sometimes there are cases of incorrect treatment of diseases of this type. Against the background of the development of sexually transmitted diseases, chronic prostatitis occurs as a complication. Sexually transmitted infections reach the prostate gland and affect its tissues. The result is an inflammatory response.
- Impairment of blood circulation in the pelvic organs. The prostate fills with blood. The vessels exert pressure on the tissues of the prostate gland. This provokes a deterioration in the supply of oxygen and leads to a violation of the prostate gland. A sedentary lifestyle can lead to impaired blood circulation. In addition, wearing tight underwear negatively affects blood circulation in the pelvic organs.
- Urine reflux. In some cases, if the urination process is disturbed, the urine begins to move in the opposite direction and enters the ducts of the prostate gland. Urine entering the prostate provokes tissue irritation. This, in turn, leads to the development of chronic prostatitis.
- Abstinence from intercourse or its interruption. The secret formed in the prostate gland does not come out of it. In some cases, it may not be completely removed. Stagnation leads to an increase in the size of the prostate gland and development of the inflammatory process.
In addition to the above, the causes of inflammation of the prostate gland can be hypothermia, hormonal imbalance and reduced immunity. Prostatitis can develop against the background of a decrease in the protective properties of the body. In connection with a decrease or increase in the level of hormones, the activity of prostate cells is canceled.
The specialist must determine the cause of prostatitis as accurately as possible. This will allow you to choose the treatment method that is most effective for a particular patient. When choosing a technique, the individual characteristics of each patient are taken into account.
Complications
Carrying out ineffective treatment or postponing a visit to a specialist for chronic prostatitis can lead to the development of other diseases of the genitourinary system. The presence of complications can be manifested by symptoms characteristic of chronic prostatitis. In this regard, timely diagnosis of complications can be difficult. Most often, untimely treatment of chronic prostatitis can lead to the development of:
- Vesiculitis. The disease is an inflammation of the seminal vesicles. Symptoms of the pathology are pain in the groin and pelvis. In most cases, the pain is given in the lower back and sacrum. Patients report frequent urination, pain during erection and ejaculation. Blood or purulent inclusions appear in semen and urine.
- Abscess of the prostate. Untimely treatment of chronic prostatitis can provoke an abscess of the prostate. This complication is manifested by weakness, high fever. Treatment of the disease in this case is carried out in a hospital.
- Coliculitis. Pathogenic microorganisms pass from the prostate to the seminal tubercle and infect it. A sign of colliculitis or urethritis is a burning sensation in the urethra. When visiting the toilet, the burning sensation intensifies. In most cases, the patient complains of pain during orgasm or after ejaculation.
- Sclerosis of the prostate. Non-compliance with the treatment of chronic prostatitis or untimely visit to the doctor can lead to sclerosis of the prostate. Signs of the development of the disease are the presence of pain during urination and the inability to completely empty the bladder.
- The presence of stones. With chronic inflammation, stones or cysts can form in the prostate gland. An ultrasound will be required to detect cysts or stones.
- infertility. Delayed treatment of chronic prostatitis can adversely affect sperm motility and sperm count. Sperm lose their motility. Disorders provoked by chronic prostatitis lead to male infertility
Diagnosis of the disease
The presence of several symptoms simultaneously indicates the development of chronic prostatitis in a patient. In some cases, the disease is asymptomatic. The specialist uses a number of measures to make the diagnosis.
The doctor conducts an examination, questions the patient. He also studies medical documentation, while the specialist pays attention to diseases of the genitourinary system that were previously transferred. If necessary, appoint instrumental and laboratory diagnostics.
Instrumental diagnostics
It is possible to diagnose chronic prostatitis with the help of an ultrasound examination. Ultrasound is performed rectally. To conduct a test, the specialist needs to place a specialized sensor in the patient's rectum. With the help of this type of examination, the doctor can determine the size of the prostate gland, its structure and density. In addition, during the examination, the specialist pays attention to the absence of stones and cysts.
The doctor may prescribe the patient a microscopic examination of the prostate secretion. This diagnostic method allows you to determine disorders in the work of the prostate gland. In addition to the microscopic examination of the secretion, the level of male hormones is checked in the patient. Exceeding the norm can lead to tissue growth, and the lack provokes disturbances in the work of the prostate.
Laboratory diagnostics
The use of laboratory diagnostics of chronic prostatitis allows to determine the form of the disease and the cause of its occurrence. The following laboratory tests are possible:
- Discharge from the patient's urethra is taken for analysis. In the laboratory, the discharge is checked for the presence of leukocytes, bacterial, fungal or viral flora.
- A scraping is taken from the patient's urethra. Laboratory tests allow you to identify sexually transmitted agents.
- A secretion of the prostate gland is taken from the patient for microscopic examination.
Conducting a complex of laboratory and instrumental studies allows you to determine the cause of the development of prostatitis and the stage of its development. After conducting examinations and collecting anamnesis, the doctor can make an accurate diagnosis and prescribe the most effective method of treatment for each patient.
Treatment of prostatitis
If you have symptoms of chronic prostatitis, you should contact a qualified specialist. The urologist, the andrologist deals with the treatment of the disease. The patient is prescribed complex therapy aimed at consistently solving the problem. In addition to taking medication, therapy includes changing a person's lifestyle, eliminating bad habits, normalizing sex life, proper nutrition, etc.
Therapeutic treatment
Patient care is complex. Both drugs and specialized exercises are used. The most common procedure in the treatment of chronic prostatitis is prostate massage. The specialist massages the prostate gland with his index finger. The massage is performed through the anus. Before the procedure, the specialist puts on a rubber glove and lubricates it with a specialized lubricant.
During the massage, blood circulation in the prostate gland is activated. This has a beneficial effect on the prostate and accelerates the recovery of damaged tissues. When the gland is pressed, its secret enters the urethra. A specialist can take fluid for microscopic examination to control the dynamics of treatment.
If necessary, a person is prescribed magnetic and laser therapy. The procedures are performed in a complex. Microwave therapy is also used for treatment. The method involves the use of high-frequency waves. During the procedure, the temperature of the treated area increases. This helps speed up the healing process.
Medical treatment
Various medications can be used to treat prostatitis. The specialist selects drugs based on the individual characteristics of the patient and the stage of the disease. It is impossible to choose a medicine yourself. You will need to see a doctor.
To reduce the swelling of the prostate gland, the patient is prescribed drugs that suppress the action of male hormones. Reducing the size of the prostate improves the flow of secretions into the urethra. In turn, the passage of urine into the urethra improves and blood circulation is activated.
If necessary, patients are prescribed adrenoblockers. These drugs belong to a group of drugs that act on the receptors of the muscle cells of the bladder and prostate gland. This approach prevents urine from entering the prostate during reflux.
In the presence of an infection that caused the development of the disease, antibacterial drugs are prescribed. Before prescribing an antibiotic, the specialist must conduct a series of diagnostic measures to detect an infection. The choice of drug is influenced not only by the presence of an infection, but also by its sensitivity to the main types of antibiotics. This approach allows you to prescribe the most effective treatment.
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used to relieve inflammation. Medicines of this type reduce the inflammatory response, which in turn reduces swelling and pain in the patient. The method of taking the medicine may vary.
Surgical intervention
In some cases, to eliminate complications as a result of improper treatment or lack thereof, surgical intervention is performed. Specialists use minimally invasive transurethral electroresection.
Lifestyle with prostatitis:
- Regular exercises. One should lead an active lifestyle and perform certain exercises every day. This is necessary to strengthen the muscles of the small pelvis. This approach will improve blood circulation and eliminate blood stasis.
- Regular sex life. A person's sex life should be regular. Interruption of intercourse or artificial prolongation with the help of drugs should be excluded. Prolonged abstinence or interruption of sexual intercourse leads to stagnation of the secretion of the prostate gland. This, in turn, is dangerous for the occurrence of inflammation.
- Permanent sexual partner. It is necessary to rule out promiscuity. A large number of sexual partners can lead to the development of sexually transmitted diseases.
- Roomy underwear. A man should wear clothes and underwear that do not interfere with normal blood circulation in the pelvic organs.
- Avoid hypothermia.
How to treat?
Therapeutic treatment
The most common procedure is prostate massage. In some cases, microwave, magnetic and laser therapy is carried out. Therapeutic treatment accelerates the patient's recovery process.
Medical treatment
Specialists prescribe antibacterial, anti-inflammatory drugs. If necessary, prescribe drugs that reduce the level of the male hormone in the blood. The appointment of drugs and their dosage should be carried out by a qualified specialist.
surgery
Surgery is primarily used to treat complications resulting from the development of chronic prostatitis. Transurethral equipment is used for operations.
The specialists of the specialized medical center are highly qualified, which allows them to effectively treat chronic prostatitis. High-tech equipment and high-quality drugs are used for diagnosis and treatment of diseases.